↑ Samuel Curtis Vestal, The maintenance of peace; or, The foundations of domestic and international peace as deduced from a study of the history of nations, trang 127
1 2 Jamie Stokes, Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East, Tập 1, trang 4
↑ Samuel Willard Crompton, Cyrus the Great, trang 85
↑ Grousset, Rene, The Empire of the Steppes, (Rutgers University Press, 1991), 161,164; "..renewed the Seljuk attempt to found a great Turko-Persian empire in eastern Iran..", "It is to be noted that the Seljuks, those Turkomans who became sultans of Persia, did not Turkify Persia-no doubt because they did not wish to do so. On the contrary, it was they who voluntarily became Persians and who, in the manner of the great old Sassanid kings, strove to protect the Iranian populations from the plundering of Ghuzz bands and save Iranian culture from the Turkoman menace."
↑ Alfred J. Andrea, James H. Overfield, The Human Record: Since 1500, trang 64
↑ Charles Knight, The English Cyclopaedia: Geography
↑ Phillip Chiviges Naylor, North Africa: a history from antiquity to the present, trang 110
↑ Keegan & Wheatcroft, Who's Who in Military History, Routledge, 1996. p. 268 "In 1515 Selim marched east with some 60,000 men; a proportion of these were skilled Janissaries, certainly the best infantry in Asia, and the sipahis, equally well-trained and disciplined cavalry. [...] The Azerbaijanian army, under Shah Ismail, was almost entirely composed of Turcoman tribal levies, a courageous but ill-disciplined cavalry army. Slightly inferior in numbers to the Turks, their charges broke against the Janissaries, who had taken up fixed positions behind rudimentary field works."
↑ The Cambridge history of Iran, By William Bayne Fisher, Peter Jackson, Laurence Lockhart, pg. 224
↑ William Edward David Allen, Problems of Turkish power in the sixteenth century, trang 17
↑ The Mamluks in Egyptian and Syrian politics and society, By Michael Winter, Amalia Levanoni, pg. 127
↑ Iran Society (Calcutta, India), Indo-iranica, Tập 7, trang 29
↑ George A. Bournoutian, A concise history of the Armenian people: (from ancient times to the present), trang 206
↑ Axworthy, Michael (2006) The Sword of Persia: Nader Shah, from Tribal Warrior to Conquering Tyrant I.B. Tauris, New York, Page 148, ISBN 1-85043-706-8
